Sunday, April 27, 2014

Different Ideas (John 20:19-31)

Every 500 years, the church experiences a time of transformation.  Every 500 years, the church goes through a period in which it reinvents itself, a time when it is reborn.  For a while, it seems like everything is falling apart.  For a while, everything is in turmoil.  For a while it feels like death.  But then, the church discovers new life.
Wouldn’t it be cool to experience one of these every-500 year events?  Well, we’re in luck.  We are in such a time today!  Around the world, the church is changing in dramatic ways.    
Geographically, the church’s center of power is moving from the northern hemisphere to the southern hemisphere.  Organizationally, the church is moving from central authority to a more egalitarian, grass-roots authority.  Theologically, the pendulum of thought is moving from a doctrine-based faith to a faith based on behavior and how one lives.
The last period of transformation – 500 years ago – is known as the Reformation.  Out of the Reformation came the modern Protestant denominations.  Lutherans, Methodists, Presbyterians … and eventually, the Disciples of Christ.
One of the great debates of the Reformation concerned the Lord’s Supper.  What we call communion, and what Catholics call the Eucharist, and what we all together call a sacrament.
(Well, actually, Alexander Campbell and other early leaders of the Disciples of Christ preferred to call it an ordinance rather than a sacrament, but we’ll save that discussion for another day.)
What happened is this: 
The Catholic Church said that the bread of communion, upon being blessed by the priest, actually became the body of Christ, and that the wine actually became the blood of Christ.  This is called transubstantiation.
During the Reformation, some groups of people developed the belief that the bread and the wine did not actually become the body and blood of Christ; the bread remained bread, and the wine remained wine; but the body and blood came to exist with them; alongside them.  The body and blood dwelt within the bread and the wine. This is called consubstantiation.
Now if you don’t completely understand the difference, that’s okay; it took me a while, studying it in seminary, to get it.
Other groups of Protestants then came to understand that the body and blood of Christ was not present in any real, physical way, but that the bread and wine were symbolic of the spiritual presence of Christ’s body and blood.  In other words, the bread and wine are symbols of Christ’s body and blood, but the body and blood aren’t actually present.
These different ways of understand communion continue to exist today.  The point is that not all Christians think the same or believe the same thing.  We have different understandings.
Most people in the Disciples of Christ do believe that the bread and the wine are symbols.  Christ’s Spirit is present; but the bread is just bread, and the wine is just wine (or, juice).  And I suppose I could spend a whole sermon arguing that this is the case, but what would be the point?  How would that make any of us a better follower of Jesus?
Actually, I think that what makes us better followers of Jesus is that we recognize and honor the different understandings we have.  What makes us better followers of Jesus is that we celebrate the diversity of our common life. 
Instead of me saying, “this is what I believe, and it’s right so you have to agree,” what makes us better followers of Jesus is to say, “tell me more about what you believe.  Help me understand why that is meaningful or important for you.”
Which brings me to today’s principle of identity.  If you were here last week, you remember that this sermon time is now a Pastor’s Class, and our class is based on the 12 Principles of Identity for the Disciples of Christ.  Today’s principle says:
We celebrate the diversity of our common life, affirming our different histories, styles of worship, and forms of service.
Keep that in the back of your mind as we focus for a moment on today’s scripture.
In today’s scripture, Jesus appears to the disciples.  Did you notice how he came to them and appeared to them, even though they were in a room with the door locked?
This raises all kinds of questions for me, questions about Jesus’s body and blood.  How did Jesus enter the room if the door was locked?  If he was able to pass through locked doors, what kind of a body did he have after the resurrection?  If it was a spiritual body – the kind of body that could pass through solid doors – then where did his physical body go?  After all, the tomb was empty.  But if his resurrected body was a physical, flesh and blood body, then how could he pass through walls?  And why was it so hard for his followers to recognize him, if he had the same physical body?  Mary at the garden didn’t recognize him.  Thomas had doubts, even when Jesus appeared, until he was told to place his hands in Jesus’s wounds.  And two other disciples walked all the way to Emmaus with Jesus, talking with him the whole way, without recognizing him.
The truth is, if you take the New Testament as a whole, the answer is as clear as mud.  In some passages, Jesus’s body appears to be his same old, flesh-and-blood body, the body that needs to eat and sleep take a bath once in a while.  Ever scar and callous, every hair and toenail.
And then, in other passages, we have the Jesus who is not recognized, the Jesus who passes through walls and doors, the Jesus who cannot be touched; the Jesus whose resurrection appearance is more spiritual than physical.
Here’s what I want you to know today.  If you’ve been a baptized member of the church for 50 years, or if you’re just now thinking about being baptized or joining the church, here’s what I want you to know.
Being a Christian isn’t like taking a test where all the answers are true/false or multiple choice.
I’m not going to ask you questions like, “The resurrection is of Jesus’s physical body: true or false?” 
I’m not going to ask you whether communion is a) transubstantiation, b) consubstantiation, or c) symbolism. 
I would like you to learn just a little about such things, but not so you can have all the right answers.  I want you to learn about such things just so you know enough to start asking questions.
If the Bible doesn’t give one clear answer on questions like these, how can any person be expected to give one, clear, “right” answer?
No.  Being a Christian is not about taking a test where all the answers are true/false or multiple choice.
Being a Christian is about following Jesus.
Being a Christian is about how you live your life.
Being a Christian is about celebrating the diversity of our common life, affirming the complexity and diversity that exists not only among us, but within scripture itself.
Yes, I know: saying these things shows that I am a part of the current transformation taking place in the church.  The Pastor’s Class of 50 years ago probably would not have expressed things this way.  So let me say it again:
Being a Christian is not about taking a test where all the answers are true/false or multiple choice.
Being a Christian is about following Jesus.
Being a Christian is about how you live your life.
Being a Christian is about celebrating the diversity of our common life, affirming the complexity and diversity that exists not only among us, but within scripture itself.
So if you believe that Jesus’s resurrection was a coming-back-to-life of his physical, flesh-and-blood body, fine; but what I want to know is, what difference does that make in your life?
And if you believe that Jesus’s resurrection was a spiritual resurrection, a spiritual awakening of sorts, a new awareness that brought new life into Jesus’s followers that maybe didn’t include the coming-back-to-life of an actual corpse, fine; but what I want to know is, what difference does that make in your life?
The truth is, if we can go beyond the true/false, multiple choice answers, we discover the opportunity for some fascinating conversations; conversations which help us grow and mature in faith.  And perhaps we can even discover a deeper truth, something that is true whether or not the story in which it is contained is true literally or metaphorically.
After all, isn’t there a deeper truth to communion, something that is true whether it is transubstantiation, consubstantiation, or symbolism?
And isn’t there a deeper truth to the story of a God who brings new life from death, whether or not Jesus’s resurrected body was physical or spiritual?
This Pastor’s Class isn’t about giving you the right answers.  It’s about helping you find the right questions.  If you end up with questions in your mind, questions that follow you around, questions that prod you to think and to want to know more, then for now that’s enough.  Just let the questions be your companion.  Let the questions walk with you for some time.  Maybe the answers will come, maybe they won’t.  But the questions make the journey worth the effort.
And if you can find someone to share your questions with – perhaps someone who has different ideas than you do – then your faith will be enriched.
Some of the best conversations I’ve ever had have been with people who had different opinions with me on these and other issues – theological issues, political issues, all kinds of issues.
That can happen.  People say you shouldn’t talk about religion or politics.  Well, if everyone insists that it’s all black-and-white, true-or-false, what’s there to discuss?
But if we can live out this principle of identity – if we can celebrate the diversity of our common life, and affirm our different histories, our different understandings – we can have some truly enriching conversations. 
In faith, it’s important to not say, “this is how I see it, and you’re wrong.”  That is a close-minded attitude. If that’s the attitude you have, you will never grow in faith. 

It’s important to have an open mind.  It’s important to listen to others, and to say to one another, “tell me what that means to you… tell me what difference that belief makes in your life…”

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